Elaborado con IA a partir del resumen de los autores
Tesis de doctorado que estudia los déficits cognitivos y la estructura de la materia blanca cerebral en personas con parálisis cerebral distónica, más allá del compromiso motor. El trabajo incluye 52 sujetos con parálisis cerebral distónica y 52 controles típicos, evaluados con una batería neuropsicológica que midió rendimiento cognitivo general mediante las Matrices Progresivas de Raven (versión color), la Prueba de Vocabulario en Imágenes Peabody y la Escala No Verbal de Wechsler, junto con cinco dominios cognitivos específicos: atención, percepción visual, lenguaje, aprendizaje, memoria y funciones ejecutivas. La investigación incluyó resonancia magnética estructural para analizar el conectoma cerebral. El estudio aborda la rareza y severidad de esta forma de parálisis cerebral y la dificultad de evaluarla con métodos tradicionales.
Puntos clave
La parálisis cerebral distónica, subtipos raro que representa entre 3% y 15% de los casos de parálisis cerebral, se caracteriza por patrones anormales de postura y movimiento involuntario, recurrente y ocasionalmente estereotipado.
Los déficits asociados a la parálisis cerebral distónica, como alteraciones del lenguaje y comunicación, pueden tener mayor impacto en la calidad de vida que el compromiso motor mismo.
La evaluación neuropsicológica de la parálisis cerebral distónica es escasa porque requiere destreza manual y respuestas verbales que estas personas no pueden proporcionar, además de la dificultad para realizar resonancias magnéticas en pacientes que no pueden permanecer inmóviles.
Para quién: Estudiantes, investigadores y profesionales de psicología, neuropsicología y neurología interesados en comprender el perfil cognitivo, deficits asociados y bases neurobiológicas de la parálisis cerebral distónica más allá del compromiso motor.
Resumen de los autores
The term cerebral palsy (CP) encompasses a group of disorders of movement and/or posture and of motor function due to a non-progressive injury, interference or abnormality in an immature or developing brain. These motor disorders are often accompanied by disturbances of sensation, perception, cognition, communication, behaviour or epilepsy, and it has been shown that these deficits may have a greater impact on the quality of life of these people than the motor impairment itself. Taking into account the classification of CP according to the type of motor involvement, dyskinetic CP is identified as a rare subtype (between 3% and 15% of all CP cases) characterized by abnormal patterns of posture and/or movement, accompanied by involuntary, uncontrolled, recurrent and, occasionally, stereotyped movements. This type of CP has been mainly associated with a perinatal hypoxic-ischemic event in children born at term or near term and in neonates with kernicterus. It has been shown that dyskinetic CP is one of the most disabling forms of CP, not only because of its association with greater motor impairment but also because of a greater presence and severity of associated deficits, such as speech and communication impairments. It should be noted that studies analysing this type of CP are still scarce, probably due to their lower frequency and greater severity. Cognitive and neuroimaging studies are specially rare, probably because most neuropsychological evaluations require manual dexterity and/or verbal responses, and neuroimaging studies involve the acquisition of MRI sequences in which the person must remain still. Therefore, the main goals of this thesis are: 1) to identify an objective measure of intelligence adequate for the great heterogeneity that exists in CP, 2) to describe the cognitive profile of a relatively large sample of people with dyskinetic CP, and 3) analyse the state of the cerebral white matter of this population through a connectome approach. To this end, a total of 52 subjects with dyskinetic CP and 52 typically-developing controls were included in the study and were administered a neuropsychological battery that included general cognitive performance (using the Raven’s progressive matrices - colour version, the Peabody picture vocabulary test and the Wechsler's nonverbal scale) and five specific cognitive domains (attention, visual perception, language, learning and memory and executive functioning). Finally, an structural MRI was acquired.
Ballester Plané, J. (2018).Beyond the motor impairment in dyskinetic cerebral palsy: neuropsychological and connectome-based approach. CBUC, CESCA. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665520
